Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of neonatal septicemia in a tertiary care hospital

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Original Article

Author Details : Mythri B.A., Asha B. Patil, Divya A., Pooja Mansabdar, Sharon V. A.

Volume : 3, Issue : 2, Year : 2016

Article Page : 136-140

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Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome which is characterised by signs and symptoms of infection which may or may not be accompanied by bacteraemia within the first month of life. The bacteriological profile of neonatal sepsis is under constant change with the advances in the diagnosis and treatment. Blood culture is still the mainstay of investigation of potential sepsis in spite of the recent advances in molecular diagnosis of fungal and bacterial sepsis. Most common bacterial organisms responsible for neonatal septicaemia in developing countries like Bangladesh, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, are Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter etc. The present study was undertaken to describe the spectrum of the isolates in cases of neonatal septicaemia, and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The study was carried out over a one year period.
Method: A total of 357 suspected patients of neonatal septicaemia were included in the study. Blood samples were collected with aseptic precautions preferably prior to the initiation of empiric antibiotic therapy. The bottles were incubated aerobically at 37⁰ C for 7 days and subcultured on blood agar and Mac Conkey agar. If growth appeared the isolates were processed as per standard microbiological techniques and the isolates were identified. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on Mueller?Hinton agar plates by modified Kirby?Bauer disk diffusion method as per Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines.
Results: Of the 357 samples studied, growth was observed in 154 samples. Gram positive organisms constituted 37.66% and gram negative bacilli constituted 62.34% of the isolates. The predominant pathogens isolated were Klebsiella species, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus followed by Non fermenting gram negative bacilli. 71.43% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be methicillin resistant.96.05% of the Enterobacteriaceae were found to be Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) producers. 33.33% of the Pseudomonas isolates were found to be metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) producers.
Conclusion: This study shows that Klebsiella species, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Non-fermenting gram negative bacilli were the commonest organisms associated with Neonatal sepsis. An alarmingly high rate of MRSA and ESBL producers was observed. This study stresses that antimicrobial resistance is a universal problem and it stresses the need for surveillance.

Keywords: Sepsis, neonate, infection, bacterial, bacterial infections

How to cite : B.a. M, Patil A B, Divya A., Mansabdar P, Sharon V. A., Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of neonatal septicemia in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Microbiol Res 2016;3(2):136-140

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