Bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute exacerbation: A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital

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Original Article

Author Details : Kundoly Velayudhan Suseela, Davis Rennis, Santosh Patil, Aiswariya Alex

Volume : 3, Issue : 3, Year : 2016

Article Page : 317-321

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Abstract

Background: The course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by intermittent exacerbations of the disease. The bacterial pathogens contribute a lot in mucus secretions and the acute exacerbations. This study was conducted to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility in COPD patients visiting a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 15 months. The sputum samples were collected from COPD patients admitted in the Pulmonology department. Purulent sputum samples were subjected to Gram staining followed by culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing according to the standard guidelines.
Result: Sputum samples from 477 COPD patients (50-85 years) were collected and significant isolates were obtained from 106 sputum samples (94 males and 14 females). The isolates were Streptococcus pneumoniae-22%, Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa-17%, Moraxella catarrhalis-13%, Haemophilus influenzae- 13%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae- 11%, Non-mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa -8%, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia- 7%, Acinetobacter baumannii- 3% and Staphylococcus aureus and Group C Streptococci 1% each. Only 2 isolates of S. pneumoniae showed penicillin and erythromycin resistance. The mucoid P.aeruginosa, the 2^nd most prevalent, was susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and gentamicin. M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae were susceptible to amoxicillin- clavulanic acid and azithromycin. K. pneumoniae and Non-mucoid P. aeruginosa showed variable susceptibility. Isolates of S. maltophilia were susceptible to co-trimoxazole.
Conclusion: Susceptible strains of mucoid P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia have also been isolated as potential pathogens. They were susceptible to fluoroquinolones and S. tenotrophomonas maltophilia was susceptible to co-trimoxazole also.

Keywords: Acute exacerbation, Antibiotic susceptibility, Bacterial pathogens, COPD, Fluoroquinolones

How to cite : Suseela K V, Rennis D, Patil S, Alex A, Bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute exacerbation: A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Microbiol Res 2016;3(3):317-321

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