Clinico-bacteriological study of pyoderma with special reference to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Original Article

Author Details : Shilpashree U.G, Dhanalakshmi T.A, Venkatesha D

Volume : 4, Issue : 1, Year : 2017

Article Page : 20-25

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Abstract

Pyoderma is one of the common skin infections seen in dermatology clinics in India. The changing pattern of etiological agents of pyoderma and the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains are posing a significant problem in deciding empirical therapy. With this background, the present study was carried out to determine the bacteriological profile of pyoderma and to assess the antibiogram of the isolates. Thirty patients with purulent skin lesions attending Dermatology outpatient department were studied. The swabs from the lesions were subjected to Gram stain and culture on MacConkey and blood agar plates. The isolates were identified by standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done as per CLSI guidelines. Screening for methicillin resistance was done by cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Primary pyoderma constituted 86.7% and secondary pyoderma 13.3% of cases. Common types of pyoderma seen were impetigo, folliculitis, furuncle and cellulitis (16.7%) each.  S. aureus was the most common isolate (56.8%) followed by coagulase negative Staphylococci (10.8%). Majority of S.aureus and Enterococcus species were found resistant to ciprofloxacin (88% and 100%) respectively. Enterococcus species was 100% resistant to aminoglycosides (High level aminoglycoside resistance). Enterobacter species, Citrobacter species and Klebsiella species showed 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporins. Majority of the Pseudomonas isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone (100%). Methicillin resistance was seen in 14.3% of S.aureus and 50% of coagulase negative Staphylococci. Though there was not a major difference noted with respect to the etiological agents of pyoderma, an alarming resistance pattern to commonly used antibiotics is noted in the present study. Hence periodic screening for the bacteriological profile and sensitivity pattern of pyoderma isolates is mandatory.

Keywords: Methicillin resistance; Pyoderma; Staphylococci.

How to cite : U.g S, T.a D, Venkatesha D, Clinico-bacteriological study of pyoderma with special reference to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Indian J Microbiol Res 2017;4(1):20-25

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