Bacteriological profile and resistance pattern of the microorganisms causing bacteremia with special emphasis on unusual blood isolates

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Original Article

Author Details : Preethi Venkatesan, Priyadarshini Shanmugam, Shameem Banu Abdul Satter

Volume : 4, Issue : 2, Year : 2017

Article Page : 171-176

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Abstract

Introduction: Bacteremia is a serious infection with high morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the etiological agents of blood-stream infections and their antibiotic resistance pattern could help in the choice of empirical antibiotics.
Aim: To determine the causative agents of blood stream infection along with their antibiotic resistance pattern in our hospital between 2013 and 2016 and also to identify the uncommon blood culture isolates.
Materials and Method: A retrospective study that included isolates obtained from blood culture between January 2013 and December 2016. The identification and drug resistance pattern of the organisms were performed using standard microbiological techniques. For those patients whose blood yielded uncommon isolates, the medical records were looked into to identify the risk factors and outcome.
Results: Of a total of 9,926 blood samples received for culture, 534 (5.38%) yielded positive results, of which 277 were Gram-positive organisms and 257 were Gram-negative organisms. The most common etiological agents of bacteremia in the present study were Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus species (37.27%) followed by Salmonella typhi (10.11%), Escherichia coli (9.36%) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.05%), of which 53.49% were MRSA.
Conclusion: The most effective antibiotics against Gram positive organisms were vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. The Gram negative organisms showed least resistance to antibiotics like amikacin, tobramycin and carbapenems. The uncommon isolates were all non-fermenting Gram negative bacilli and among these Burkholderia species and Stenotrophomonas maltophila were the most frequently isolated.

Keywords: Bacteremia, Blood culture, Pathogens, Automated blood culture, Antibiotic resistance, Unusual isolates

How to cite : Venkatesan P, Shanmugam P, Satter S B A, Bacteriological profile and resistance pattern of the microorganisms causing bacteremia with special emphasis on unusual blood isolates. Indian J Microbiol Res 2017;4(2):171-176

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