Farm animals in India are increasingly vulnerable to antibiotic-resistant pathogens, primarily due to the routine incorporation of antibiotics into their feed. Research indicates that the excessive antibiotic use, especially in the dairy, beef cattle, poultry, and pig sectors, has led to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogens, resulting in substantial mortality and economic losses. This review highlights the Indian situation on AMR in livestock, with a focus on antibiotic abuse, the transfer of resistant genes, and legal issues concerning acquired resistance in animals. AMR spreads primarily through the food chain, such as food-borne transmission, direct contact, and environmental routes, all of which are significant health risks to public health. The review also discusses the lack of awareness among farmers about antibiotics and AMR, with most people unaware of the word antibiotic and its implications. The "One Health" approach needs to be adopted to combat this problem, fostering cooperation among human, animal, and environmental health sectors. Addressing this serious health threat through stringent legislation, proper use of antibiotics, increased awareness, and strengthened surveillance is needed to maintain animal welfare as well as public health.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, Farm animals, Antibiotics, Livestock.
